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Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is a ferroelectric material suitable for a variety of applications. Its versatility is made possible by the excellent electro-optic, nonlinear, and piezoelectric properties of the intrinsic material. It is one of the most thoroughly characterized electro-optic materials, and crystal growing techniques consistently produce large crystals of high perfection.
Frequency doubling for wavelengths >1μm and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi-phase-matched (QPM) devices;
Pockel cells, Q-switches, and phase modulators;
Waveguide substrates, surface acoustic wave (SAW) wafers.
Physical and Optical Properties:
| Crystal Structure | Trigonal, space group R3c |
| Cell Parameters | a=0.515,c=13.863,Z=6 |
| Melting Point | 1255 +/-5ºC |
| Curie Point | 1140 +/-5ºC |
| Mohs Hardness | 5 |
| Density | 4.64 g/cm 3 |
| Absorption Coefficient | ~ 0.1%/cm @ 1064 nm |
| Solubility | insoluble in H2O |
| Relative Dielectric Constant | εT11/ε0: 85 |
| εT33/ε0:29.5 | |
| Thermal Expansion | ||a, 2.0 x 10 -6/K @ 25ºC |
| Coefficients at 25ºC | ||c, 2.2 x 10 -6/K @ 25ºC |
| Thermal Conductivity | 38 W /m /K @ 25ºC |
| Transparency Range | 420 - 5200 nm |
| Refractive Indices | n e = 2.146, n o = 2.220 @ 1300 nm |
| n e = 2.156, n o = 2.322 @ 1064 nm | |
| n e = 2.203, n o = 2.286 @ 633 m | |
| Optical Homogeneity | ~ 5 x 10 -5 /cm |
| Sellmeier Equations ( l in mm) | n o 2 (l ) = 4.9048+0.11768/(l2- 0.04750) - 0.027169l2 |
| n e 2 ( l) = 4.5820+0.099169/( l2 - 0.04443) - 0.021950 l2 |
| Material | Laser grade LiNbO3 |
| Orientation | ±0.5o |
| Dimensional Tolerance | ±0.1mm |
| Surface quality | 20/10 Scratch/Dig per MIL-O-13830B |
| Flatness | λ/8 @ 633 nm |
| Perpendicularity | 5 arc min |
| Parallelism | better than 20 arc sec |
| Clear Aperture | > Central 90% |
| AR Coating | AR coating with R < 0.2% at center Wavelength |
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